The partial pressure of ammonia is kept low in requisite parts of the circuit by concentrating hydrogen in those parts. The total pressure throughout the circuit must be constant so that the only movement of the working fluid is by convection currents. The partial pressures of the refrigerant vapor (in this case ammonia) must be low in the evaporator, and higher in the condenser. This evaporation requires heat which is taken from the surroundings in which the evaporation takes place. If a liquid is exposed to an inert atmosphere, it will evaporate until the atmosphere is saturated with the vapor of the liquid. The principle involved makes use of the properties of gas-vapor mixtures. The small energy supply is by means of a heater which may be electric or gas. It is a domestic refrigerator and is the best known absorption type of refrigerator. shows a schematic diagram of an „Electrolux refrigerator‟. Principle and Working of Electrolux Refrigerators.įig 1. The “water” is used as a solvent because it has the ability to absorb ammonia readily This is used in the low-pressure side of the system. The hydrogen is also non-corrosive and insoluble in water. The “hydrogen” being the lightest gas, is used to increase the rate of evaporation (the lighter the gas, faster is the evaporation) of the liquid ammonia passing through the evaporator. Though it is toxic, and not otherwise preferred in domestic appliances, it is very safe in this system due to absence of any moving parts in the system and, therefore, there is the least chance of any leakage. The “ammonia” is used as a refrigerant because it possesses most of the desirable properties. The three fluids used in this system are ammonia, hydrogen and water. This type of refrigerator is also called “Three-fluids absorption system”. This system is often called “Munters Platen System”. The domestic absorption type refrigerator was developed from an invention by Carl Munters and Baltzer Von Platen.
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